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Fact-Finding without Facts
The Uncertain Evidentiary Foundations of International Criminal Convictions

$161.00 (C)

  • Date Published: July 2010
  • availability: Available
  • format: Hardback
  • isbn: 9780521111157

$ 161.00 (C)
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About the Authors
  • Fact-finding Without Facts explores international criminal fact-finding – empirically, conceptually, and normatively. After reviewing thousands of pages of transcripts from various international criminal tribunals, the author reveals that international criminal trials are beset by numerous and severe fact-finding impediments that substantially impair the tribunals’ ability to determine who did what to whom. These fact-finding impediments have heretofore received virtually no publicity, let alone scholarly treatment, and they are deeply troubling not only because they raise grave concerns about the accuracy of the judgments currently being issued but because they can be expected to similarly impair the next generation of international trials that will be held at the International Criminal Court. After setting forth her empirical findings, the author considers their conceptual and normative implications. The author concludes that international criminal tribunals purport a fact-finding competence that they do not possess, and as a consequence, base their judgments on a less precise, more amorphous method of fact-finding than they publicly acknowledge. The book ends with an exploration of various normative questions, including the most foundational: whether the international tribunals’ fact-finding impediments fatally undermine the international criminal justice project.

    • Considers ways that fact-finding accuracy can be improved in international criminal tribunals
    • Explores international criminal fact-finding - empirically, conceptually, and normatively
    • Based on the review of thousands of pages of transcripts from various international criminal tribunals
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    Reviews & endorsements

    "Fact-Finding Without Facts is stunning in its quality, meticulous in its methodology, and revolutionary in its effects. Combs cracks the conventional wisdom that international criminal trials successfully determine who did what to whom during the cataclysm of mass atrocity. Hers is a grounded critique -- piercing, precise, yet itching with the promise of institutional reform. Fact-Finding Without Facts is among the most impressive publications to appear in the past decade in the field of post-conflict justice."

    Mark A. Drumbl
    Class of 1975 Alumni Professor of Law
    Director, Transnational Law Institute
    Washington and Lee University, School of Law


    "Nancy Combs's latest book, Fact Finding Without Facts provides a startling indictment of the fact-finding process in international criminal law. Her conclusion that "more than 50% of the witnesses appearing in these trials testified in a way that was seriously inconsistent with their pre-trial statements" is chilling. Those interested in social epistemology, normative inquiry, and legal theory, as well as practitioners in international criminal law cannot afford to ignore this brilliant book."

    Larry May
    W. Alton Jones Professor of Philosophy and Professor of Law
    Vanderbilt University


    "Fact-Finding Without Facts is an excellent and unique study on what is the core of every criminal trial, proper and accurate fact-finding. Based on meticulous research, Combs makes us aware of the fragile state of international criminal proceedings. The field of international criminal law is in dire need of this type of critical study for further improvement. But Combs not only criticizes, she also offers highly valuable recommendations. This book is a must-read for everybody who sincerely wishes to improve the quality of fact-finding in international criminal trials."

    G. K. Sluiter
    Professor of International Criminal Law, University of Amsterdam


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    Product details

    • Date Published: July 2010
    • format: Hardback
    • isbn: 9780521111157
    • length: 430 pages
    • dimensions: 235 x 158 x 25 mm
    • weight: 0.7kg
    • availability: Available
  • Table of Contents

    1. The evidence supporting international criminal convictions
    2. Questions unanswered: international witnesses and the information unconveyed
    3. The educational, linguistic, and cultural impediments to accurate fact-finding at the international tribunals
    4. Of inconsistencies and their explanations
    5. Perjury: the counter-narrative
    6. Expectations unfulfilled: the consequences of the fact-finding impediments
    7. Casual indifference: the trial chambers' treatment of testimonial deficiencies
    8. Organizational liability revived: the pro-conviction bias explained
    9. Help needed: practical suggestions and procedural reforms to improve fact-finding accuracy
    10. Assessing the status quo: they are not doing what they say they are doing but is what they are doing worth doing?
    11. Conclusion.

  • Author

    Nancy A. Combs, College of William & Mary School of Law
    Nancy Amoury Combs is a Professor of Law at the William and Mary Law School, where she is the 2009–10 Cabell Research Professor and a 2008 recipient of William and Mary's Alumni Fellowship Award for teaching excellence. She earned her Ph.D. from Leiden University and her J.D. from the University of California at Berkeley School of Law. She has served as a law clerk to Judge Diarmuid O'Scannlain on the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals and to Justice Anthony Kennedy on the United States Supreme Court. Prior to joining the faculty at William and Mary Law School, Professor Combs served as legal advisor at the Iran–United States Claims Tribunal in The Hague. She has written extensively on topics in international law and international criminal justice, publishing two books and numerous articles and essays appearing in the University of Pennsylvania Law Review, the Vanderbilt Law Review, the Hastings Law Journal, the American Journal of International Law, the Harvard International Law Journal, and the Chicago Journal of International Law, among others. She currently serves as member of the International Expert Framework, an international working group that is developing general rules and principles of international criminal procedure.

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